ME102 Surgery

By Ivy Vo

Roots

• A(n)- : without or lack of

• Angio- : vessel or container

• Anti- : against or opposite

• Append- : to hang upon

• Arthro- : joint

• -biotic : life

• -cardi(o)- : heart

• Chole- : bile

• -coagulant : to clot

• Col(o)- : colon or large intestine

• Crani- : skull

• -cyst(o)- : bladder or sac

• -dynamics : power or force

• -ectomy : excision or surgical removal

• Esophag(o)- : esophagus

• -esthesia : sensation or perception

• Gastr(o)- : stomach

• Hemi- : half or partial

• Hemo- : blood

• Hernio- : rupture or protrustion

• Hyster(o)- : uterus

• Intra- : within or inside

• Lamin- : layer

• Lapar(o)- : abdomen or flank

• -lith(o)- : stone

• Mast(o)- : breast

• Myring(o)- : eardrum

• Nephr(o)- : kidney

• -omy : cutting or incision

• Oophor(o)- : ovary

• -operative : to work

• Orchi(o)- : testicle

• -otomy : cutting or incision

• Peri- : around or surrounding

• Phleb(o)- : vein

• -plasty : molded or formed

• Post- : after

• Pre- : prior to

• Prostat(e)- : protector, prostate

• Recto- : rectum

• Rhin(o)- : nose

• Rhiz(o)- : root

• -rraphy : to sew or suture

• -sepsis : decay or infection

• Sigmoid- : sigmoid colon

• Splen- : spleen

• -stasis : stop

• Stern(o)- : sternum

• -stomy : mouth or opening

• Ten(o)- tendon

• Thorac(o)- : chest or thorax

• Thyroid- : thyroid gland

• Trache(o)- : trachea

• Urethro- : urethra

• Vas(o)- : vessel

Vocabulary

Procedures

• Terminology [Root] : Definition

• Angioplasty [angio-plasty] : widening or opening of blocked blood vessels

• Appendectomy [append-ectomy] : removal of the appendix

• Arthroplasty [arthro-plasty] : restoration of function and alleviation of pain in a damaged joint

• Cholecystectomy [chole-cyst-ectomy] : removal of the gallbladder

• Colostomy [colo-stomy] : bringing of the colon to the surface of the body to create a stoma

• Craniotomy [crani-otomy] : removal of part of the skull to access the brain

• Cystectomy [cyst-ectomy] : removal of all or part of the urinary bladder

• Cystoplasty [cysto-plasty] : reparation or reconstruction of the urinary bladder

• Esophagectomy [esophag-ectomy] : removal of all or part of the esophagus

• Gastrectomy [gastr-ectomy] : removal of all or part of the stomach

• Gastronomy [gastro-n-omy] : creation of a stoma through the stomach’s abdominal wall

• Hemicolectomy [hemi-col-ectomy] : removal of a portion of the colon

• Herniorrhaphy [hernio-rraphy] : reparation of a hernia by closing the weakened area

• Hysterectomy [hyster-ectomy] : removal of the uterus

• Laminectomy [lamin-ectomy] : removal of part of the lamina

• Laparotomy [lapar-otomy] : the act of cutting into the abdominal wall to get to the abdominal cavity

• Mastectomy [mast-ectomy] : removal of one or both breasts, fully or partially

• Myringotomy [myring-otomy] : creation of an incision in the eardrum

• Nephrectomy [nephr-ectomy] : removal of one or both kidneys

• Nephrolithotomy [nephro-lith-otomy] : removal of kidney stones from the kidney

• Oophorectomy [oophror-ectomy] : removal of one or both ovaries

• Orchiectomy [orchi-ectomy] : removal of one or both testicles

• Pericardiectomy [peri-cardi-ectomy] : removal of all or part of the pericardium

• Phlebotomy [phleb-otomy] : puncturing of a vein with a needle

• Prostatectomy [prostat-ectomy] : removal of all or part of the prostate gland

• Rectoplasty [recto-plasty] : reparation or reconstruction of the rectum

• Rhinoplasty [rhino-plasty] : Reconstruction of the nose

• Rhizotomy [rhiz-otomy] : Disruption or destruction of specific nerve roots

• Sigmoidectomy [sigmoid-ectomy] : removal of a portion or all of the sigmoid colon

• Splenectomy [splen-ectomy] : total or partial removal of the spleen

• Sternotomy [stern-otomy] : division or incision of the sternum

• Tenotomy [ten-otomy] : division or incision of the tendon

• Thoracotomy [thorac-otomy] : incision into the chest wall to access the organs

• Thyroidectomy [thyroid-ectomy] : partial or total removal of the thyroid gland

• Tracheostomy [trache-ostomy] : creation of an opening in the trachea

• Urethroplasty [urethro-plasty] : reparation or reconstruction the urethra

• Vasectomy [vas-ectomy] : incision of the vas deferens for sterilization of a male

Common Terms

• Anesthesia [an-esthesia] : a drug to induce loss of sensation or consciousness

• Hemostasis [hemo-stasis] : process in which the body stops bleeding

• Asepsis [a-sepsis] : preventing the spread of infection

• Sutures : stitches used to hold tissues together

• Anticoagulant [anti-coagulant] : medication to inhibit blood clotting

• Antibiotic [anti-biotic] : medication used to kill bacteria

• Analgesics : medications that relieve pain by acting on the central nervous system

• Prophylaxis : preventative measures to decrease risk of disease

• Sterilization : eliminating all forms of bacteria, virus, fungi, and spores

• Hemodynamics [hemo-dynamics] : the study of flow and forces of blood

• Resuscitation : to revive or restore vital functions

• Preoperative [pre-operative] : period of time before surgery

• Postoperative [post-operative] : period of time after surgery

• Intraoperative [intra-operative] : period of time during surgery

• Wound care : treatment of wounds to promote healing

Idioms/Slangs

All hands on deck - using all available personnel

• ex. When the patient was coding during surgery, the surgeon asked for all hands on deck!

Cutting edge - new medical innovations and technologies

• ex. The surgeon used cutting edge techniques for the complicated case.

On the table - a patient undergoing surgery

• ex. The patient was on the table for 8 hours.

Putting you under - giving the patient general anesthesia

• ex. Before we begin the surgery, we will be putting you under to minimize discomfort.

Stat - an immediate request

• ex. I need the scalpel, stat!

Under the knife - undergoing a surgical procedure

• ex. The patient went under the knife for their appendectomy.